a

52 files changed, 245 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/examples/learn/01-hello.out b/examples/learn/01-hello.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..270c611
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/01-hello.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+hello, world!
diff --git a/examples/learn/01-hello.zc b/examples/learn/01-hello.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10cf4bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/01-hello.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+fn main() {
+	put_s("hello, world!\n");
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/02-loops.out b/examples/learn/02-loops.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e8b314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/02-loops.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+6
diff --git a/examples/learn/02-loops.zc b/examples/learn/02-loops.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..832e32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/02-loops.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+	let i = 0, n = 0;
+	while (i < 4) { n = n + i; i++; }
+	put_n(n); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/03-do-continue.out b/examples/learn/03-do-continue.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1bd38b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/03-do-continue.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+13
diff --git a/examples/learn/03-do-continue.zc b/examples/learn/03-do-continue.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70959f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/03-do-continue.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+	int n = 0, i = 0;
+	do { i++; if (i == 2) continue; n = n + i; } while (i < 5);
+	put_n(n); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/04-enums.out b/examples/learn/04-enums.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ead6e4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/04-enums.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+0 5 6
diff --git a/examples/learn/04-enums.zc b/examples/learn/04-enums.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f80e3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/04-enums.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+enum color { RED, GREEN = 5, BLUE };
+fn main() {
+	put_n(RED); put_c(32); put_n(GREEN); put_c(32); put_n(BLUE); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/05-small-ints.out b/examples/learn/05-small-ints.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a9bc9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/05-small-ints.out
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+4
+13
+44
diff --git a/examples/learn/05-small-ints.zc b/examples/learn/05-small-ints.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b288181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/05-small-ints.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+fn main() {
+	u8 a = 250; a = a + 10;
+	put_n(a); put_c(10);
+	put_n(sizeof([100]u8)); put_c(10);
+	u8* px = new(u8, 4096);
+	px[10] = 300;
+	put_n(px[10]); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/06-floats.out b/examples/learn/06-floats.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9406425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/06-floats.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+4.000000
diff --git a/examples/learn/06-floats.zc b/examples/learn/06-floats.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06d23fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/06-floats.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn put_f(x) { asm { x @ #1220 } return 0; }
+fn main() {
+	let a = 1.5;
+	put_f(a + 2.5); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/07-bytes.out b/examples/learn/07-bytes.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..209c2ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/07-bytes.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+17 8721
diff --git a/examples/learn/07-bytes.zc b/examples/learn/07-bytes.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d06282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/07-bytes.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+fn main() {
+	let w = 0;
+	st8(addr_b(&w), 0x11);
+	st8(addr_b(&w) + 1, 0x22);
+	put_n(ld8(addr_b(&w))); put_c(32); put_n(w); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.out b/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e10779
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+hello, zc
+9 42
diff --git a/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.zc b/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0959ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/08-byte-strings.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+fn main() {
+	let name = b"zc";
+	let hi = b"hello, " + name;
+	put_s(hi); put_c(10);
+	put_n(len(hi)); put_c(32);
+	put_n(s_to_n(b"40") + 2); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/09-shared.out b/examples/learn/09-shared.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fb73a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/09-shared.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1 1
diff --git a/examples/learn/09-shared.zc b/examples/learn/09-shared.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab3ca06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/09-shared.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+fn main() {
+	let tail = cons(1, 2);
+	let left = cons(tail, 3);
+	let right = cons(tail, 4);
+	put_n(car(car(left))); put_c(32);
+	put_n(car(left) == car(right)); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/10-owned.out b/examples/learn/10-owned.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f8f011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/10-owned.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+7
diff --git a/examples/learn/10-owned.zc b/examples/learn/10-owned.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3aff9a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/10-owned.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+	int* p = new(int);
+	*p = 7;
+	put_n(*p); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/11-tags.out b/examples/learn/11-tags.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8626c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/11-tags.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+4
diff --git a/examples/learn/11-tags.zc b/examples/learn/11-tags.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08edb58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/11-tags.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+int*.u box(int v) { int* b = new(int); *b = v; return u*b; }
+fn main() {
+	int* p = box(4);
+	put_n(*p); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/12-aliases.out b/examples/learn/12-aliases.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8626c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/12-aliases.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+4
diff --git a/examples/learn/12-aliases.zc b/examples/learn/12-aliases.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..abb39d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/12-aliases.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+struct node { int v; node* next; };
+fn main() {
+	node* a = new(node), b = new(node);
+	a.v = 3; b.v = 4; a.next = b;
+	node* c = a.next;
+	put_n(c.v); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/13-memdebug.out b/examples/learn/13-memdebug.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c168a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/13-memdebug.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+leak: line 4 3 words
+1
diff --git a/examples/learn/13-memdebug.zc b/examples/learn/13-memdebug.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80ee0da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/13-memdebug.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+memdebug on;
+int* g;
+fn main() {
+	int* p = new(int);
+	*p = 1;
+	g = d*p;
+	put_n(memreport());
+	put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/14-include.out b/examples/learn/14-include.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e8b314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/14-include.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+6
diff --git a/examples/learn/14-include.zc b/examples/learn/14-include.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c126389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/14-include.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+include "src/lib/std.zc";
+fn main() {
+	let s = readfile("tests/data/hi.txt");
+	put_n(len_w(s)); put_c(10);
+	free(d*s);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/15-generics.out b/examples/learn/15-generics.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec63514
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/15-generics.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+9
diff --git a/examples/learn/15-generics.zc b/examples/learn/15-generics.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfc4833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/15-generics.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+struct record<K, V> { K key; V val; };
+struct point { int x; int y; };
+K keyof<K, V>(record<K, V>* r) { return r.key; }
+fn main() {
+	record<int, point>* r = new(record<int, point>);
+	r.key = 9;
+	put_n(keyof(r)); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.out b/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b2b75d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+27
+10
diff --git a/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.zc b/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba430f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/16-tagged-enums.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+enum shape { circle { int r; }, rect { int w; int h; }, dot };
+int area(shape* s) {
+	switch (s) {
+	case circle(r): return r * r * 3;
+	case rect(w, h): return w * h;
+	case dot: return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+fn main() {
+	shape* s = shape.circle(3);
+	put_n(area(s)); put_c(10);
+	free(d*s);
+	shape* t = shape.rect(2, 5);
+	put_n(area(t)); put_c(10);
+	free(d*t);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/17-switch.out b/examples/learn/17-switch.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f719efd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/17-switch.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+two
diff --git a/examples/learn/17-switch.zc b/examples/learn/17-switch.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f03aba9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/17-switch.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+	int k = 2;
+	switch (k) { case 1: put_s("one"); break; case 2: put_s("two"); break; default: put_s("other"); }
+	put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/18-o3.out b/examples/learn/18-o3.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11c5ab3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/18-o3.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+30
+143
diff --git a/examples/learn/18-o3.zc b/examples/learn/18-o3.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb2237a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/18-o3.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+o3 int sum(fixed []int a) { int s = 0; for (int i = 0; i < len(a); i++) s += a[i]; return s; }
+fn main() {
+	fixed []int a = new(fixed []int, 5);
+	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) a[i] = i * i;
+	put_n(sum(a)); put_c(10);
+	o3 int hits = 0;
+	o3 { for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) if (i % 7 == 3) hits++; }
+	put_n(hits); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/19-growable.out b/examples/learn/19-growable.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a9aeea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/19-growable.out
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+2
+5
+3
diff --git a/examples/learn/19-growable.zc b/examples/learn/19-growable.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5ed8de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/19-growable.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+struct cnt {
+	int n;
+	static int make() { return 3; }
+	int get() { return this.n; }
+};
+fn main() {
+	[]int xs = new([]int);
+	push(xs, 4); push(xs, 5);
+	put_n(len(xs)); put_c(10);
+	put_n(pop(xs)); put_c(10);
+	put_n(cnt.make()); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/20-text-num.out b/examples/learn/20-text-num.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b3cce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/20-text-num.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+6 1024 7
+124
diff --git a/examples/learn/20-text-num.zc b/examples/learn/20-text-num.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..027b721
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/20-text-num.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+include "src/lib/std.zc";
+fn main() {
+	put_n(Num.gcd(12, 18)); put_c(32); put_n(Num.pow(2, 10)); put_c(32); put_n(Num.isqrt(50)); put_c(10);
+	put_n(Text.atoi("123") + 1); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/21-host.out b/examples/learn/21-host.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d00491f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/21-host.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1
diff --git a/examples/learn/21-host.zc b/examples/learn/21-host.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..550e747
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/21-host.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+include "src/lib/std.zc";
+fn main() {
+	put_n(Host.now() > 0); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.out b/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d00491f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1
diff --git a/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.zc b/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e274aee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/22-raw-x86.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+include "src/lib/std.zc";
+fn main() {
+	put_n(Host.raw(39, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) > 0); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/23-c-abi.out b/examples/learn/23-c-abi.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0701ad5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/23-c-abi.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+1.414214
+1 3 5 9
diff --git a/examples/learn/23-c-abi.zc b/examples/learn/23-c-abi.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3df4b75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/23-c-abi.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+fn put_f(x) { asm { x @ #1220 } return 0; }
+extern double sqrt(double);
+extern void qsort(word *base, long n, long size, void *cmp);
+int cmp(int* a, int* b) { return *a - *b; }
+fn main() {
+	let a[4];
+	a[0] = 5; a[1] = 3; a[2] = 9; a[3] = 1;
+	put_f(sqrt(2.0)); put_c(10);
+	qsort(a, 4, 8, cfunc(cmp));
+	put_n(a[0]); put_c(32); put_n(a[1]); put_c(32); put_n(a[2]); put_c(32); put_n(a[3]); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/24-backtick.out b/examples/learn/24-backtick.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81bf396
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/24-backtick.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ab
diff --git a/examples/learn/24-backtick.zc b/examples/learn/24-backtick.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0317631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/24-backtick.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+fn main() {
+	put_c(get_c()); put_c(get_c()); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
+`abc
diff --git a/examples/learn/25-closures.out b/examples/learn/25-closures.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b04b592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/25-closures.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+11
+15
diff --git a/examples/learn/25-closures.zc b/examples/learn/25-closures.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72c236d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/25-closures.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+fn apply(f, x) { return f(x); }
+fn main() {
+	let k = 10;
+	let add = fn(x) { return x + k; };
+	put_n(add(1)); put_c(10);
+	put_n(apply(add, 5)); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/learn/26-closure-state.out b/examples/learn/26-closure-state.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33aea5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/26-closure-state.out
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+109
+1 5
+0
diff --git a/examples/learn/26-closure-state.zc b/examples/learn/26-closure-state.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3ddf50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/learn/26-closure-state.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+fn main() {
+	let base = 2;
+	let outer = fn(x) {
+		let inner = fn(y) { return y + base + x; };
+		return inner(100);
+	};
+	put_n(outer(7)); put_c(10);
+	let count = 0;
+	let tick = fn(d) { count = count + d; return count; };
+	put_n(tick(1)); put_c(32); put_n(tick(4)); put_c(10);
+	put_n(count); put_c(10);
+	return 0;
+}